![]() This negotiation results in one single bi-directional ISAKMP security association. IKE phase one's purpose is to establish a secure authenticated communication channel by using the Diffie–Hellman key exchange algorithm to generate a shared secret key to encrypt further IKE communications. IKEv1 consists of two phases: phase 1 and phase 2. Implementations vary on how the interception of the packets is done-for example, some use virtual devices, others take a slice out of the firewall, etc. The IPsec stack, in turn, intercepts the relevant IP packets if and where appropriate and performs encryption/decryption as required. For instance, this could be an AES key, information identifying the IP endpoints and ports that are to be protected, as well as what type of IPsec tunnel has been created. The negotiated key material is then given to the IPsec stack. The IKE protocol uses UDP packets, usually on port 500, and generally requires 4–6 packets with 2–3 round trips to create an ISAKMP security association (SA) on both sides. Kernel modules, on the other hand, can process packets efficiently and with minimum overhead-which is important for performance reasons. User-space daemons have easy access to mass storage containing configuration information, such as the IPsec endpoint addresses, keys and certificates, as required. Most IPsec implementations consist of an IKE daemon that runs in user space and an IPsec stack in the kernel that processes the actual IP packets. The parent organization of the IETF, the Internet Society (ISOC), has maintained the copyrights of these standards as freely available to the Internet community. A later update upgraded the document from Proposed Standard to Internet Standard, published as RFC 7296 in October 2014. RFC 5996 combined these two documents plus additional clarifications into the updated IKEv2, published in September 2010. RFC 4718 clarified some open details in October 2006. ![]() RFC 4306 updated IKE to version two (IKEv2) in December 2005.
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